We have developed additive logistic models for the occurrence of lightning, large hail (≥ 2
cm), and very large hail (≥ 5 cm) to investigate the evolution of these hazards in the past, in …

Abstract The International Space Station (ISS) is in the lowest available orbit at~ 400 km
altitude, bringing instruments as close to the atmosphere as possible from the vantage point …

Tropical convection tends to be more intense over land than ocean, but why? Numerous
previous studies have investigated the causes of this difference. This paper revisits this …

This article introduces an analytic formula for entraining convective available potential
energy (ECAPE) with an entrainment rate that is determined directly from an environmental …

Severe convective storms, in particular supercells, are occasionally responsible for a large
number of property losses and damage in Spain. This paper aims to study the synoptic …

Motivated by the limited understanding of future changes in mesoscale convective systems
(MCSs), we investigated characteristics of warm‐season (June–August) MCSs in the central …

As a long-standing problem in climate models, large positive shortwave radiation biases
exist at the surface over the Southern Ocean, impacting the accurate simulation of sea …

This study uses theory and numerical simulations to analyze the nondimensional spreading
rate α (change in radius with height) of buoyant thermals as they rise and entrain …

This study explores the potential effects of global warming on Mesoscale Convective
Systems (MCSs) initiation and duration in the Canadian Prairies. By utilizing high-resolution …

Severe thunderstorms that occurred on 11 June 2019 over eastern Germany and western
Poland caused severe material losses primarily due to large hail. This work documents a …