Levobupivacaine and ropivacaine, two new long-acting local anesthetics, have been
developed as an alternative to bupivacaine, after the evidence of its severe toxicity. Both of …

Now in its 7th edition, this popular, must-have text remains the only encyclopedic resource
for veterinary internal medical problems. The internationally acclaimed" gold standard" offers …

Objective The use of epidural analgesia is considered fundamental in Enhanced Recovery
Protocols. However its value in the perioperative management of laparoscopic colorectal …

Background: Although the widely used single L-enantiomers of local anesthetics have less
toxic effects on the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, the mechanisms mediating …

Background Ropivacaine, and to a lesser extent also levobupivacaine, is commonly used for
postoperative epidural analgesia. Despite ED50 data suggesting a potency difference …

Postoperative pain is a phenomenon associated with surgical trauma and expression of
pain mediators (1). After septoplasty, the maximum level of pain is usually experienced …

Objectives Epidural analgesia remains the cornerstone of pain management following
laparotomy. Local anesthetics used in epidural analgesia provide good analgesia but may …

Los últimos 20 años han estado marcados por profundos cambios en la comprensión del
dolor posquirúrgico así como en la farmacología y en la organización de la analgesia …

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the analgesic activity, patient satisfaction, and
side effect profile of different concentrations of levobupivacaine plus fentanyl administered …