Myocardial fibrosis, the expansion of the cardiac interstitium through deposition of
extracellular matrix proteins, is a common pathophysiologic companion of many different …

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology
and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The …

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with structural, electrical, and contractile remodeling of
the atria. Development and progression of atrial fibrosis is the hallmark of structural …

Cardiac fibrosis is central to the pathology of heart failure, particularly heart failure with
preserved ejection fraction (HF p EF). Irrespective of the underlying profibrotic condition (eg …

Intestinal fibrosis is considered an inevitable complication of Crohn's disease (CD) that
results in symptoms of obstruction and stricture formation. Endoscopic or surgical treatment …

Background Arterial stiffness is emerging as an independent risk factor for the development
of chronic kidney disease. The sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, which …

Proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) in the S1 segment of the kidney abundantly express
sodium-glucose co-transporters (SGLT) that play a critical role in whole body glucose …

Background Emerging evidence indicates that impaired angiogenesis may contribute to
hypertension‐induced cardiac remodeling. The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide …

Abstract Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are the latest class of
antidiabetic medications. They prevent glucose reabsorption in the proximal convoluted …

Cardiac fibrosis is a pathological remodeling response to myocardial infarction (MI) and
impairs cardiac contractility. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis‐associated lung …