A critical aspect of evolution is the layer of developmental physiology that operates between
the genotype and the anatomical phenotype. While much work has addressed the evolution …

Each of us made the remarkable journey from mere matter to mind: starting life as a
quiescent oocyte (“just chemistry and physics”), and slowly, gradually, becoming an adult …

Synthetic biology and bioengineering provide the opportunity to create novel embodied
cognitive systems (otherwise known as minds) in a very wide variety of chimeric …

A leading developmental psychologist proposes an evolutionary pathway to human
psychological agency. Nature cannot build organisms biologically prepared for every …

Abstract Crick's Central Dogma has been a foundational aspect of 20th century biology,
describing an implicit relationship governing the flow of information in biological systems in …

The evolutionary history of animal cognition appears to involve a few major transitions:
major changes that opened up new phylogenetic possibilities for cognition. Here, we review …

Significant efforts have been made in the past decades to understand how mental and
cognitive processes are underpinned by neural mechanisms in the brain. This paper argues …

Many aspects of health and disease are modeled using the abstraction of a" pathway"—a
set of protein or other subcellular activities with specified functional linkages between them …

Abstract Sensing, communication, navigation, decision-making, memory and learning are
key components in a standard cognitive tool-kit that enhance an animal's ability to …

All life is cellular, starting some 4 billion years ago with the emergence of the first cells. In
order to survive their early evolution in the face of an extremely challenging environment, the …