From a glass of water to glaciers in Antarctica, water–air and ice–air interfaces are abundant
on Earth. Molecular-level structure and dynamics at these interfaces are key for …

Although the importance of water interfaces has long been well recognized, studies of the
interfaces at the molecular level only began more recently. 1-3 The difficulty lies in the fact …

Microbubbles are very fine bubbles and appropriate for the investigation of the gas− water
interface electrical charge, because of their long stagnation, due to slow buoyancy, in the …

The air–water interface is perhaps the most common liquid interface. It covers more than 70
per cent of the Earth's surface and strongly affects atmospheric, aerosol and environmental …

We present an overview of studies on the ultrafast dynamics of water at aqueous interfaces
carried out by time-resolved vibrational sum frequency generation (VSFG) spectroscopies …

Phase-sensitive sum-frequency spectroscopy (SFS) allows the complete measurement of
the complex spectra of surface nonlinear response coefficients. Similar to linear …

Air− aqueous sodium halide solution interfaces are examined using vibrational sum
frequency generation spectroscopy. Raman and ATR-FTIR (attenuated total reflection …

▪ Abstract A qualitatively new understanding of the nature of ions at the liquid water surface
is emerging. Traditionally, the characterization of liquid surfaces has been limited to …

The iconic helical structure of DNA is stabilized by the solvation environment, where a
change in the hydration state can lead to dramatic changes to the DNA structure. X-ray …

Discussion on the structure of the water surface relies on accurate determination of the χ (2)
spectrum. For obtaining accurate χ (2) spectrum of the air/water interface in the OH stretch …