The study of plant mitochondria started in earnest around 1950 with the first isolations of
mitochondria from animal and plant tissues. The first 35 years were spent establishing the …

The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) generated by proton pumps (Complexes I, III
and IV) is an essential component in the process of energy storage during oxidative …

Mitochondrial and plastid genomes show a wide array of architectures, varying immensely in
size, structure, and content. Some organelle DNAs have even developed elaborate …

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT; also known as lateral gene transfer) has had an important
role in eukaryotic genome evolution, but its importance is often overshadowed by the greater …

Plant mitochondria have a complex and peculiar genetic system. They have the largest
genomes, as compared to organelles from other eukaryotic organisms. These can expand …

Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) have been proposed as a major mechanism for the
inter-kingdom interaction and communication, but the effector components enclosed in the …

Mitochondria have their own genetic system–a vestigial genome originating from an
endosymbiotic α-proteobacterial ancestor. The genetic function of mitochondrial DNA …

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is increasingly being recognized as a significant force in the
evolution of eukaryotic genomes. Plants have been both donors and recipients of …

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has played a major role in bacterial evolution and is fairly
common in certain unicellular eukaryotes. However, the prevalence and importance of HGT …

It is well-known that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can escape to intracellular or extracellular
compartments under different stress conditions, yet understanding their escape mechanisms …