Beginning with the earliest studies of autophagy in cancer, there have been indications that
autophagy can both promote and inhibit cancer growth and progression; autophagy …

A substantial fraction of eukaryotic gene products are synthesized by ribosomes attached at
the cytosolic face of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. These polypeptides enter …

Low oxygen availability, a condition known as hypoxia, is a common feature of various
pathologies including stroke, ischemic heart disease, and cancer. Hypoxia adaptation …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a site of protein biogenesis in eukaryotic cells. Perturbing
ER homeostasis activates stress programs collectively called the unfolded protein response …

Breast cancer is a common malignancy with current biological therapies tailored to steroid
hormone (ER, PR) and HER2 receptor status. Understanding the biological basis of …

The heterotrimeric Sec61 complex and the dimeric Sec62/Sec63 complex are located in the
membrane of the human endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and play a central role in translocation …

Protein translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the first and decisive step in the
biogenesis of most extracellular and many soluble organelle proteins in eukaryotic cells. It is …

Ski and the closely related SnoN were discovered as oncogenes by their ability to transform
chicken embryo fibroblasts upon overexpression. While elevated expressions of Ski and …

The rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of nucleated human cells has crucial functions in
protein biogenesis, calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis, and signal transduction. Among the …

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process whereby damaged and redundant
components of the cell are degraded in structures called autophagolysosomes. Currently …