Kratom—pharmacology, clinical implications, and outlook: a comprehensive review

SC Eastlack, EM Cornett, AD Kaye - Pain and therapy, 2020 - Springer
Kratom, or Mitragyna, is a tropical plant indigenous to Southeast Asia, with unique
pharmacological properties. It is commonly consumed by preparing the leaves into …

Understanding kratom use: a guide for healthcare providers

MT Swogger, KE Smith, A Garcia-Romeu… - Frontiers in …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth., Rubiaceae) is a plant native to Southeast Asia, where it
has been used for centuries as a mild stimulant and as medicine for various ailments. More …

From Kratom to mitragynine and its derivatives: physiological and behavioural effects related to use, abuse, and addiction

Z Hassan, M Muzaimi, V Navaratnam… - Neuroscience & …, 2013 - Elsevier
Kratom (or Ketum) is a psychoactive plant preparation used in Southeast Asia. It is derived
from the plant Mitragyna speciosa Korth. Kratom as well as its main alkaloid, mitragynine …

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): user demographics, use patterns, and implications for the opioid epidemic

A Garcia-Romeu, DJ Cox, KE Smith, KE Dunn… - Drug and alcohol …, 2020 - Elsevier
Abstract Background Kratom, a Southeast Asian plant with opioid-receptor mediated effects,
has emerged as a potential substance of abuse, with limited data on its use and effects. This …

Here Today, Gone Tomorrow…and Back Again? A Review of Herbal Marijuana Alternatives (K2, Spice), Synthetic Cathinones (Bath Salts), Kratom, Salvia divinorum …

CD Rosenbaum, SP Carreiro, KM Babu - Journal of medical toxicology, 2012 - Springer
Despite their widespread Internet availability and use, many of the new drugs of abuse
remain unfamiliar to health care providers. The herbal marijuana alternatives, like K2 or …

Traditional and non-traditional uses of Mitragynine (Kratom): A survey of the literature

D Singh, S Narayanan, B Vicknasingam - Brain Research Bulletin, 2016 - Elsevier
Introduction The objective of the paper was to highlight the differences in the traditional and
non-traditional users of kratom in the South East Asian and Western contexts. Method A …

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) dependence, withdrawal symptoms and craving in regular users

D Singh, CP Müller, BK Vicknasingam - Drug and alcohol dependence, 2014 - Elsevier
Abstract Background Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) preparations have been traditionally
used in Southeast Asia for its medicinal properties. Lately, Kratom use has spread to Europe …

Abuse liability and therapeutic potential of the Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) alkaloids mitragynine and 7‐hydroxymitragynine

SE Hemby, S McIntosh, F Leon, SJ Cutler… - Addiction …, 2019 - Wiley Online Library
Kratom, derived from the plant Mitragyna speciosa, is receiving increased attention as an
alternative to traditional opiates and as a replacement therapy for opiate dependence …

Prevalence and description of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) use in the United States: a cross‐sectional study

J Schimmel, E Amioka, K Rockhill, CM Haynes… - …, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Background and aims Mitragyna speciosa ('kratom') contains mu opioid partial agonists. It is
widely available, and occasionally used as a home remedy for opioid use disorder. The …

Self‐treatment of opioid withdrawal using kratom (Mitragynia speciosa korth)

EW Boyer, KM Babu, JE Adkins, CR McCurdy… - …, 2008 - Wiley Online Library
ABSTRACT Background Kratom (Mitragynia speciosa korth) is recognized increasingly as a
remedy for opioid withdrawal by individuals who self‐treat chronic pain. Case description A …