Fundamental understanding of initial evolutions of molecules in the universe is of great
interest and importance. CH4 is one of the abundant simple molecules in the universe …

The detection of ozone (O3) in the surface ices of Ganymede, Jupiter's largest moon, and of
the Saturnian moons Rhea and Dione, has motivated several studies on the route of …

ABSTRACT H2O: CO, at concentrations of (3: 2) and (10: 1), was condensed on CsI
substrate at 15 K and irradiated with 46-MeV 58Ni11+ ion beam. Radiolysis induced by fast …

We report theoretically calculated equilibrium oxygen isotopic fractionation factors (17 O/16
O, 18 O/16 O) between a set of representative O-bearing organic molecules and water, as …

Water ices at 15 and 144 K were bombarded by swift heavy ions, 45.8 MeV 58Ni11+ and
606 MeV 64Zn26+, to measure the induced chemical and physical effects. The column …

Radiolysis of α-pinene by 61.3 MeV 84Kr15+ ions was analysed with the scope to simulate
the effects of heavy ion cosmic ray bombardment on chiral molecules in the interstellar …

Aims. Astrophysical ices on dust grain mantles in the interstellar medium (ISM) and dense
circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) are continuously exposed to galactic cosmic rays (GCRs). In …

Experimental results on the processing of NH3: CO ice mixtures of astrophysical relevance
by energetic (538 MeV 64Ni24+) projectiles are presented. NH3 and CO are two molecules …

The organic chemistry occurring in interstellar environments may lead to the production of
complex molecules that are relevant to the emergence of life. Therefore, in order to …

ABSTRACT H2O and CO molecules are the main constituents of the interstellar dust grain
ice mantles. Infrared spectra of the ices in line of sights of young stellar objects and …