The practice and theoretical basis of pain measurement is reviewed and critically examined
in the areas of animal research, human subjects laboratory investigation and clinical study …

A modification of the formalin test appropriate for testing of mice is described. Formalin 1 or
5% was injected into the dorsal surface of a hindpaw, and the time the animal spent licking …

Review Article Afferent and spinal mechanisms of joint pain Page 1 Pain, 55 (1993) 5-54 0
1993 Elsevier Science Publishers BV All rights reserved 0304-3959/93/$06.00 5 PAIN …

Injection of sodium urate crystals into one ankle joint in the rat produces arthritis which is
fully developed within 24 h. The time-course and dose-response of associated inflammation …

During the 1990s, there has been a proliferation of animal models to study the effects of
tissue injury on the development of persistent or chronic pain. In most of these studies, the …

1. In 37 cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose recordings were made from single-afferent
units of the medial articular nerve (MAN) of the right knee joint. First the mechanosensitivity …

Pain is defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain as" an unpleasant
sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or …

Objective: To critically review and collate published information on feline degenerative joint
disease (DJD) and identify areas in which information is lacking. Study Design: Critical …

Recordings were made from 16 ascending tract cells in the spinal cords of anaesthetized,
spinalized cats before and after an acute arthritis was produced by injection of kaolin and …

Arthritis was induced in ether anesthetised rats by injecting 1.25 mg of sodium urate crystals
into the ankle joint. Twenty-four hr after the injection the ankle is swollen and the animal …