The sequence of microbial genomes made all potential antigens of each pathogen available
for vaccine development. This increased by orders of magnitude potential vaccine targets in …

Studies on HIV virology and pathogenesis address the complex mechanisms that result in
the HIV infection of the cell and destruction of the immune system. These studies are …

Established infections with the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV,
respectively) are thought to be permanent with even the most effective immune responses …

Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes that plays a pivotal role in regulating food
intake, energy expenditure and neuroendocrine function. Leptin stimulates the oxidation of …

Establishing a CD8+ T cell–mediated immune correlate of protection in HIV disease is
crucial to the development of vaccines designed to generate cell-mediated immunity …

Chronic immunodeficiency virus infections are characterized by dysfunctional cellular and
humoral antiviral immune responses,,. As such, immune modulatory therapies that enhance …

Identification of the transmitted/founder virus makes possible, for the first time, a genome-
wide analysis of host immune responses against the infecting HIV-1 proteome. A complete …

Selection of T-cell vaccine antigens for chronic persistent viral infections has been largely
empirical. To define the relationship, at the population level, between the specificity of the …

Globally, human immunodeficiency virus–type 1 (HIV-1) is extraordinarily variable, and this
diversity poses a major obstacle to AIDS vaccine development. Currently, candidate …

Evolutionary modelling studies indicate less than a century has passed since the most
recent common ancestor of the HIV-1 pandemic strains and, in that time frame, an …