SUMMARY Type IV pili (T4P) are multifunctional protein fibers produced on the surfaces of a
wide variety of bacteria and archaea. The major subunit of T4P is the type IV pilin, and …

The tree of life is split into three main branches: eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea. Our
knowledge of eukaryotic and bacteria cell biology has been built on a foundation of studies …

The cohort of the ammonia‐oxidizing archaea (AOA) of the phylum Thaumarchaeota is a
diverse, widespread and functionally important group of microorganisms in many …

For reverse genetic approaches inactivation or selective modification of genes are required
to elucidate their putative function. Sulfolobus acidocaldarius is a thermoacidophilic …

Recent studies on archaeal motility have shown that the archaeal motility structure is unique
in several aspects. Although it fulfills the same swimming function as the bacterial flagellum …

Sulfolobus islandicus is being used as a model for studying archaeal biology, geo-biology
and evolution. However, no genetic system is available for this organism. To produce an S …

Background Biofilm formation has been studied in much detail for a variety of bacterial
species, as it plays a major role in the pathogenicity of bacteria. However, only limited …

Ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) of the phylum Thaumarchaeota are widespread in
moderate environments but their occurrence and activity has also been demonstrated in hot …

The hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus has been shown to exhibit a
complex transcriptional response to UV irradiation involving 55 genes. Among the strongest …

Archaea use flagella known as archaella—distinct both in protein composition and structure
from bacterial flagella—to drive cell motility, but the structural basis of this function is …