Bacteria influence eukaryotic biology as parasitic, commensal or beneficial symbionts. Aside
from these organismal interactions, bacteria have also been important sources of new …

Amino acids play several critical roles in plants, from providing the building blocks of
proteins to being essential metabolites interacting with many branches of metabolism. They …

L-Tyrosine (Tyr) is an aromatic amino acid (AAA) required for protein synthesis in all
organisms, but synthesized de novo only in plants and microorganisms. In plants, Tyr also …

Tremendous chemical diversity is the hallmark of plants and is supported by highly complex
biochemical machinery. Plant metabolic enzymes originated and were transferred from …

Endosymbiotic theory in eukaryotic-cell evolution rests upon a foundation of three
cornerstone partners—the plastid (a cyanobacterium), the mitochondrion (a …

Photosynthesis is the central energy conversion process for plant metabolism and occurs
within mature chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are also the site of various metabolic reactions …

In addition to proteins, l-phenylalanine is a versatile precursor for thousands of plant
metabolites. Production of phenylalanine-derived compounds is a complex multi …

The recent finding of the tryptophan aminotransferase (TAA)/flavin monooxygenase (YUC)
pathway as the principal route of auxin production in plants provides an opportunity to revisit …

Chloroplasts of plants and algae are currently believed to originate from a cyanobacterial
endosymbiont, mainly based on the shared proteins involved in the oxygenic photosynthesis …

Relative abundance of blue (B) and red (R) photons in the incident light plays a major role in
regulating the morphology and physiology of plants. Many studies have been carried out to …