The support plays an important role for supported metal catalysts by positioning itself as a
macromolecular ligand, which conditions the nature of the active site and contributes …

Low-cost and renewable adsorbent activated carbon from lignocellulosic biomass is a focus
of worldwide concern due to its readily available waste disposal problems in the …

Carbon plays a dual role as a catalyst or a catalyst support for chemical and enzymatic
biomass transformation reactions due to its large specific surface area, high porosity …

Biomass has been long exploited as an anthropogenic energy source; however, the 21st
century challenges of energy security and climate change are driving resurgence in its …

Biomass conversion to value-added chemicals and fuels over heterogeneous catalysts is
one of the top issues in green chemistry. This review focuses on recent advances in the …

There is broad interest in metal‐free catalysis for sustainable chemistry. Carbocatalysis is a
“green” option for catalytic transformations in the gas phase as well as in the liquid phase …

Lignocellulose and chitin are the two most abundant renewable sources of organic carbon
available as alternative for chemical and fuel synthesis. Catalytic conversion of these …

Solid acids as heterogeneous catalysts for cellulose hydrolysis have drawn increasing
attention; however, current solid acids face challenges such as high catalyst loading (low …

Cheap fossil oil resources are becoming depleted and crude oil prices are rising. In this
context, alternatives to fossil fuel-derived carbon are examined in an effort to improve the …

Carbohydrates from terrestrial or marine biomass are the most potential feedstocks for
sustainable refinery industries. Chemo-catalytic conversion of carbohydrates involves …