Tumor suppressor genes cooperate with each other in tumors. Three important tumor
suppressor proteins, retinoblastoma (Rb), p53, phosphatase, and tensin homolog deleted …

Sensing invasive cytosolic DNA is an integral component of innate immunity. cGAS was
identified in 2013 as the major cytosolic DNA sensor that binds dsDNA to catalyze the …

Intercellular tight junctions represent a formidable barrier against paracellular drug
absorption at epithelia (eg, nasal, intestinal) and the endothelium (eg, blood–brain barrier) …

A growing amount of evidence suggests that ubiquitination and deubiquitination of
programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) play crucial roles in the …

The members of the organic anion transporter (OAT) family are mainly expressed in kidney,
liver, placenta, intestine, and brain. These transporters play important roles in the disposition …

Over the last decade, researchers have focused on developing an ideal cancer
nanomedicine with robust biointerfacing, precise tumor targeting, and effective tumor killing …

Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR), ubiquitous in water and food, is a threat to public
health. In the present study, after C57BL/6J mice were fed with environmental …

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a highly toxic chemical warfare agent that causes acute lung injury
(ALI) and/or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). There are no effective therapeutic …

The exact pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic gastrointestinal
inflammatory disease comprising Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, remains unclear …

The H5N1 subtype of the avian influenza virus causes sporadic but fatal infections in
humans. H5N1 virus infection leads to the disruption of the alveolar epithelial barrier, a …