Midbrain dopamine signals are widely thought to report reward prediction errors that drive
learning in the basal ganglia. However, dopamine has also been implicated in various …

The study of the brain's representations of uncertainty is a central topic in neuroscience.
Unlike most quantities of which the neural representation is studied, uncertainty is a property …

When making choices under conditions of perceptual uncertainty, past experience can play
a vital role. However, it can also lead to biases that worsen decisions. Consistent with …

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has been implicated in both the representation of “state,” in
studies of reinforcement learning and decision making, and also in the representation of …

Theories of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) function have evolved substantially over the last few
decades. There is now a general consensus that the OFC is important for predicting aspects …

When interacting with the environment, humans exhibit robust biases toward information that
pertains to themselves: Self-relevant information is processed faster and yields more …

The ability to infer other people's intentions is crucial for successful human social
interactions. Such inference relies on an adaptive interplay of sensory evidence and prior …

Social conformity has been evaluated in many different contexts, ranging from an emotional
contagion in psychology, to speculative episodes in economics, to mass protests concerning …

When making adaptive decisions, we actively demand information, but relatively little is
known about the mechanisms of active information gathering. An open question is how the …

Adaptive decision-making often requires one to infer unobservable states based on
incomplete information. Bayesian logic prescribes that individuals should do so by …