Background Road mortality is probably the best-known and visible impact of roads upon
wildlife. Although several factors influence road-kill counts, carcass persistence time is …

Mass mortality events are increasing in frequency and magnitude, potentially linked with
ongoing climate change. In October 2016 through January 2017, St. Paul Island, Bering …

Most survey methods developed to estimate abundance of killed animals on motorways may
be biased due to the unequal detectability of carcasses, their persistence time on the lanes …

Following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon MC 252 blowout in the Gulf of Mexico, most surface
oil remained more than 40 km offshore, precluding reliable estimation of offshore avian …

Two separate approaches, a carcass sampling model and an exposure probability model,
provided estimates of bird mortalities of 600000 and 800000, respectively, from the 2010 …

Marine fauna in the California Current System is susceptible to entanglement in
anthropogenic debris. We examined beach survey data from six California counties to …

Fisheries interactions have been implicated in the decline of many marine vertebrates
worldwide. In the eastern North Atlantic, at least 1000 common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) …

Oil spills most visibly affect waterbirds and often the number of birds affected, a key measure
of environmental damage from an incident, is required for public communication, population …

Large numbers of seabirds are killed annually from marine oil spills. In recent decades,
increased efforts have been made to document and reduce impacts of oil spills on seabirds …

We synthesize impediments for evaluating effects to seabirds from open ocean hydrocarbon
releases. Effects on seabirds from ship discharges, spills, and well blowouts often are poorly …