The elimination of inclusions in steelmaking processes has been widely studied. The
removal of inclusions by slags containing the rare earth oxide Ce2O3 are studied using an …

A 3D discrete phase model (DPM)‐and volume of fluid–coupled model is developed to
investigate the multiphase flow in a 260 ton argon‐stirred ladle. The flow field and interfacial …

Gas-stirring ladle treatment of liquid metal has been pointed out for a long time as the
processing stage is mainly responsible for the inclusion population of specialty steels. A …

The treatment of liquid metal in gas-stirred ladles has long been identified as the main
process responsible for the inclusion cleanness in special steels. Four university teams and …

Non-metallic microparticles in spheroidal graphite irons are a product of the inoculation and
the Mg-treatment of the liquid melt. Besides the influence on the mechanical properties of …

A first principles-based multi-oxide inclusion (MOI) kinetic model is proposed to predict the
transient evolution of oxide inclusion composition in secondary steelmaking processes. The …

Hypothesis Aggregate structure is conditioned by a balance of cohesive forces between
primary particles and hydrodynamic forces induced by the surrounding flow. Numerical …

The behavior of oxide inclusions in a gas-stirred ladle is characterized by a wide inclusion
size distribution that evolves continuously owing to their transport, aggregation, and …

A coupled 3-D computational fluid dynamics–population balance model (CFD–PBM) is
developed to simulate the behaviors of Al2O3 inclusions in a Rheinsahl–Heraeus (RH) …

Ladle metallurgy is an important steelmaking technology in high-quality steel production.
The blowing of argon at the ladle bottom has been applied in ladle metallurgy for several …