The form of a word sometimes conveys semantic information. For example, the iconic word
gurgle sounds like what it means, and busy is easy to identify as an English adjective …

Modern large language models generate texts that are virtually indistinguishable from those
written by humans and achieve near-human performance in comprehension and reasoning …

Over the last decade, AI models of language and word meaning have been dominated by
what we might call a statistics-of-occurrence, strategy: these models are deep neural net …

The development of machines that “talk like us”, also known as Natural Language
Understanding (NLU) systems, is the Holy Grail of Artificial Intelligence (AI), since language …

Quantitative, data-driven models for mental representations have long enjoyed popularity
and success in psychology (eg, distributional semantic models in the language domain), but …

Natural Language Processing (NLP) research has traditionally been predominantly focused
on English, driven by the availability of resources, the size of the research community, and …

The meaning of most words in language depends on their context. Understanding how the
human brain extracts contextualized meaning, and identifying where in the brain this takes …

Pseudowords such as “knackets” or “spechy”—letter strings that are consistent with the
orthotactical rules of a language but do not appear in its lexicon—are traditionally …

Mastering how to convey meanings using language is perhaps the main challenge facing
any language learner. However, satisfactory accounts of how this is achieved, and even of …

Knowledge about personally familiar people and places is extremely rich and varied,
involving pieces of semantic information connected in unpredictable ways through past …