The cell-autonomous innate immune system enables animal cells to resist viral infection.
This system comprises an array of sensors that, after detecting viral molecules, activate the …

Bacteria are under immense evolutionary pressure from their viral invaders—
bacteriophages. Bacteria have evolved numerous immune mechanisms, both innate and …

Argonaute proteins (Agos) use small 15–30 nucleotide-long guides to bind and/or cleave
complementary target nucleic acids. Eukaryotic Agos mediate RNA-guided RNA silencing …

Bacteria are under constant attack from bacteriophages (phages), bacterial parasites that
are the most abundant biological entity on earth. To resist phage infection, bacteria have …

Short prokaryotic argonaute (pAgo) and toll/interleukin-1 receptor/resistance protein (TIR)–
analog of PAZ (APAZ) form a heterodimeric SPARTA complex that provides immunity to its …

CRISPR-Cas systems defend prokaryotes against bacteriophages and mobile genetic
elements and serve as the basis for revolutionary tools for genetic engineering. Class 2 …

Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes (archaea and bacteria) encode an arsenal of immune
systems that protect the host against mobile genetic elements (MGEs) including viruses …

Members of the conserved Argonaute protein family use small RNA guides to locate their
mRNA targets and regulate gene expression and suppress mobile genetic elements in …

Argonaute proteins are programmable nucleases that have defense and regulatory
functions in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. All known prokaryotic Argonautes (pAgos) …

Argonaute proteins constitute a highly diverse family of nucleic acid-guided proteins. They
were first discovered in eukaryotes as key proteins in RNA interference systems, but …