Adjuvants are indispensable components of vaccines. Despite being widely used in
vaccines, their action mechanisms are not yet clear. With a greater understanding of the …

The cGAS–STING signalling pathway has emerged as a key mediator of inflammation in the
settings of infection, cellular stress and tissue damage. Underlying this broad involvement of …

Adjuvants are vaccine components that enhance the magnitude, breadth and durability of
the immune response. Following its introduction in the 1920s, alum remained the only …

Extrachromosomal circular DNA elements (eccDNAs) have been described in the literature
for several decades, and are known for their broad existence across different species …

BACKGROUND The life of any organism depends on the ability of cells to accurately
recognize and eliminate harmful microbes. To detect the immense repertoire of pathogenic …

Allergen immunotherapy is a cornerstone in the treatment of allergic children. The clinical
efficiency relies on a well‐defined immunologic mechanism promoting regulatory T cells and …

Adjuvant is an essential component in subunit vaccines. Many agonists of pathogen
recognition receptors have been developed as potent adjuvants to optimize the …

Aluminum-containing adjuvants have been used for over 90 years to enhance the immune
response to vaccines. Recent work has significantly advanced our understanding of the …

Ionizing radiation-mediated tumor regression depends on type I interferon (IFN) and the
adaptive immune response, but several pathways control I IFN induction. Here, we …

Spontaneous T cell responses against tumors occur frequently and have prognostic value in
patients. The mechanism of innate immune sensing of immunogenic tumors leading to …