Background: Migraine is a widespread neurological disorder. The patent foramen ovale
(PFO) is a remnant of the fetal circulation. Multiple studies suggest that migraine is more …

Objective/Background Migraine is associated with ischemic stroke. Women are 3‐fold as
likely as men to have migraine, and high estrogen states increase the risk of migraine with …

Objective To update the 2016 American Academy of Neurology (AAN) practice advisory for
patients with stroke and patent foramen ovale (PFO). Methods The guideline panel followed …

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of medical
conditions but to date only one official position paper related to left circulation …

Abstract Purpose of Review To provide an updated review of the pathophysiology,
diagnosis, and management of migraine with aura. Recent Findings Thalamic and other …

Migraine, the third most common disease worldwide, is a well-known independent risk factor
for subclinical focal deep white matter lesions (WMLs), even in young and otherwise healthy …

Background Migraine with aura (MWA) is a risk factor for stroke, but the mechanisms
underlying this association remain unclear. Our aim was to assess the association between …

Migraine headache (MH) is a common disorder affecting millions of people in the United
States. MH is substantially more prevalent in women compared to men. An association …

Background Population-based studies have highlighted a close relationship between
migraine and stroke. Migraine, especially with aura, is a risk factor for both ischemic and …

Background Migraine is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. The
associations are stronger in migraine with aura than in migraine without aura, in women …