Bone remodeling is a lifelong process that gives rise to a mature, dynamic bone structure via
a balance between bone formation by osteoblasts and resorption by osteoclasts. These …

Humans are spending an increasing amount of time in space, where exposure to conditions
of microgravity causes 1–2% bone loss per month in astronauts. Through data collected …

In 1892, JL Wolff proposed that bone could respond to mechanical and biophysical stimuli
as a dynamic organ. This theory presents a unique opportunity for investigations on bone …

A lack of gravity experienced during space flight has been shown to have profound effects
on human physiology including muscle atrophy, reductions in bone density and immune …

Crop plant architecture is an important agronomic trait that contributes greatly to crop yield.
Tiller angle is one of the most critical components that determine crop plant architecture …

The microgravity environment experienced during spaceflight severely impaired immune
system, making astronauts vulnerable to various diseases that seriously threaten the health …

This article briefly reviews the fidelity of ground-based methods used to simulate human
existence in weightlessness (spaceflight). These methods include horizontal bed rest (BR) …

With the increasing number of spaceflights, it is crucial to understand the changes occurring
in human cells exposed to real microgravity (r-µ g) conditions. We tested the effect of r-µ g on …

Exposure to microgravity results in vascular remodeling and cardiovascular dysfunction. To
elucidate the mechanism involved in this condition, we investigated whether endoplasmic …

Macromolecular crowding is a biophysical phenomenon that stems from the volume
excluded by macromolecules, as they undergo steric repulsion and electrostatic interactions …