The 1921 discovery of insulin was a Big Bang from which a vast and expanding universe of
research into insulin action and resistance has issued. In the intervening century, some …

The liver is crucial for the maintenance of normal glucose homeostasis—it produces glucose
during fasting and stores glucose postprandially. However, these hepatic processes are …

To maintain its high energy demand the heart is equipped with a highly complex and
efficient enzymatic machinery that orchestrates ATP production using multiple energy …

Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones that regulate multiple aspects of glucose homeostasis.
Glucocorticoids promote gluconeogenesis in liver, whereas in skeletal muscle and white …

The liver is an essential metabolic organ, and its metabolic activity is tightly controlled by
insulin and other metabolic hormones. Glucose is metabolized into pyruvate through …

Abstract The understanding of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3
(PFK-2/FBPase 3, PFKFB3) has advanced considerably since its initial identification in …

Impaired differentiation of alveolar stem cells has been identified in a variety of acute and
chronic lung diseases. In this study, we investigate the mechanisms that modulate alveolar …

Macrophages play a relevant role in innate and adaptive immunity depending on the
balance of the stimuli received. From an analytical and functional point of view, macrophage …

The function and survival of all organisms is dependent on the dynamic control of energy
metabolism, when energy demand is matched to energy supply. The AMP-activated protein …

Prolonged survival of a typical postmitotic neuron hinges on a balance between multiple
processes, among these are a sustenance of ATP production and protection against reactive …