Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) trained with machine learning techniques on cognitive
tasks have become a widely accepted tool for neuroscientists. In this short opinion piece, we …

Determining how environments shape how people learn is central to understanding
individual differences in goal-directed behaviour. Studies of the effects of early-life adversity …

Reinforcement Learning (RL) models have revolutionized the cognitive and brain sciences,
promising to explain behavior from simple conditioning to complex problem solving, to shed …

Early-life adversity (ELA) exposure is suggested to accelerate development. However, the
influence of ELA on neurodevelopmental trajectories has not been assessed directly but …

Sensitive periods, in which experiences have a large impact on phenotypic development,
are most common early in ontogeny. Yet, they may also occur at later ontogenetic stages …

The caudate nucleus is a part of the striatum, and striatal hyperdopaminergia is considered
central to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. How caudate volume is affected in …

Adolescence is a time during which we transition to independence, explore new activities
and begin pursuit of major life goals. Goal-directed learning, in which we learn to perform …

A major challenge for neuroscience, public health, and evolutionary biology is to understand
the effects of scarcity and uncertainty on the developing brain. Currently, a significant …

Food insecurity is a major public health issue. Millions of households worldwide have
intermittent and unpredictable access to food and this experience is associated with greater …

Puberty initiates significant neurobiological changes that amplify adolescents'
responsiveness to their environment, facilitating neural adaptation through processes like …