Background It has been about 30 years since the first health literacy instrument was
developed. This study aimed to review all existing instruments to summarize the current …

The aim of this review is to explain the methods that can be used when developing short
form of a measurement tool and to examine some short form development studies in the field …

Shared decision-making requires adequate functional health literacy (HL) skills from clients
to understand information, as well as interactive and critical HL skills to obtain, appraise and …

Little is known about why educational inequalities exist in informed decision making in
colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Insight into the role and impact of health literacy is …

Objective Making an informed decision about colorectal cancer screening requires health
literacy. Our aim was to develop and pilot-test a computer-based decision aid to support …

Background Diabetes is a multifactorial disease state that requires adequate patient
monitoring for improved health outcomes. Diabetes knowledge and attitude, and associated …

Background Individuals in a vulnerable position are generally less inclined to participate in
population-based cancer screening. Digital tools, such as educational videos, narratives or …

Abstract Background Patient decision aids (PDAs) have shown to be effective in facilitating
shared decision-making (SDM) in maternity care. However, many PDAs are difficult to use …

Science literacy is one of the areas of basic literacy that PISA focuses on. Science literacy is
essence of learning in the 21st century. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate …

The Proactive Personality Scale (PPS) is used widely to measure proactive personality.
Previous research has evaluated the psychometric properties of the 6-item PPS (hereafter …