The Navier–Stokes–Fourier (NSF) equations are shown to be strictly applicable only to
incompressible flows, namely those involving fluids whose density is uniform throughout …

Rarefied gas flows are highly nonequilibrium flows whose flow physics cannot be discerned
accurately within the framework of the Navier–Stokes equations. The Burnett equations and …

In this paper, we study the structure of a gaseous shock, and in particular the distribution of
entropy within, in both a thermodynamics and a statistical mechanics context. The problem …

A new set of thermodynamically consistent Onsager-Burnett equations [Singh, Jadhav, and
Agrawal, Phys. Rev. E 96, 013106 (2017) 2470-0045 10.1103/PhysRevE. 96.013106] has …

The internal structure of shock waves is well known for shocks with a Prandtl number of the
order of unity, but it is still poorly understood for shocks with extremely large and small …

In a classic paper, Morduchow and Libby use an analytic solution for the profile of a Navier–
Stokes shock to show that the equilibrium thermodynamic entropy has a maximum inside the …

We have considered a shock wave as a surface of discontinuity and computed the entropy
production using nonequilibrium thermodynamics for surfaces. The results from this method …

Several continuum theories for shock waves give rise to a set of differential equations in
which the analysis of the underlying vector field can be done using the tools of the theory of …

In this paper we explore the use of a finite scale model of fluid dynamics to predict the finite
structure of a shock wave in a perfect gas. We begin by documenting the history and issues …

In this chapter, we present the fundamental aspects of microscale heat transfer for gas flow
through different geometries. Such a study is motivated by interest in cooling of electronic …