Cancer is characterized as a complex disease caused by coordinated alterations of multiple
signaling pathways. The Ras/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) signaling is one of the best-defined …

Autophagy is a conserved lysosomal pathway for the degradation of cytoplasmic
components. Basal autophagy in kidney cells is essential for the maintenance of kidney …

Since the discovery of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as a central regulator of energy
homeostasis, many exciting insights into its structure, regulation and physiological roles …

Cells constantly adapt their metabolism to meet their energy needs and respond to nutrient
availability. Eukaryotes have evolved a very sophisticated system to sense low cellular ATP …

adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an evolutionarily
conserved serine/threonine kinase that was originally identified as the key player in …

Obesity, a major risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases
and certain types of cancer, arises from a chronic positive energy balance that is often due to …

Background The gastrointestinal peptide hormone ghrelin was discovered in 1999 as the
endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Increasing evidence …

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy.
Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered …

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a crucial cellular energy sensor. Once activated by
falling energy status, it promotes ATP production by increasing the activity or expression of …

One of the central regulators of cellular and organismal metabolism in eukaryotes is AMP-
activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is activated when intracellular ATP production …