The purpose of this study is to quantify sex differences in 2-dimensional (2D) ankle stiffness
during upright standing balance and investigate the mechanisms for the differences. A dual …

Ankle stiffness has been known as one of the most important components contributing to the
maintenance of lower body stability during postural balance and locomotion. It has been …

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is often used, typically in an open-loop manner, to
restore paralyzed motor function for daily living activities. Several feedback control strategies …

Background Ankle joint stiffness and viscosity are fundamental mechanical descriptions that
govern the movement of the body and impact an individual's walking ability. Hence, these …

This study demonstrated the feasibility of a 6-week, visuomotor ankle training program using
a stiffness-controlled, 2 degree-of-freedom robotic platform and investigated its effectiveness …

The human ankle is a vital joint in the lower limb of the human body. As the point of
interaction between the human neuromuscular system and the physical world, the ankle …

It has been repeatedly shown that females have lower stability and increased risk of ankle
injury when compared to males participating in similar sports activities (eg, basketball and …