As the world endures the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the conditions of
35 million vulnerable individuals struggling with substance use disorders (SUDs) worldwide …

As the professional phagocytes of the brain, microglia orchestrate the immunological
response and play an increasingly important role in maintaining homeostatic brain functions …

Drugs of abuse cause persistent alterations in synaptic plasticity that may underlie addiction
behaviors. Evidence suggests glial cells have an essential and underappreciated role in the …

Methamphetamine (METH) is a popular new-type psychostimulant drug with complicated
neurotoxicity. In spite of mounting evidence on METH-induced damage of neural cell, the …

Microglia are the predominant immune response cells and professional phagocytes of the
central nervous system (CNS) that have been shown to be important for brain development …

Addiction is a worldwide public health problem and this article reviews scientific advances in
identifying the role of neuroinflammation in the genesis, maintenance, and treatment of …

The initial reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse, such as cocaine, are largely attributed to
their ability to activate the mesolimbic dopamine system. Resulting increases in extracellular …

Amphetamines are a class of psychostimulant drugs that are widely abused for their
stimulant, euphoric, empathogenic and hallucinogenic properties. Many of these effects …

The drugs of abuse, methamphetamine and MDMA, produce long‐term decreases in
markers of biogenic amine neurotransmission. These decreases have been traditionally …

Methamphetamine (Meth) is a powerful illicit psychostimulant, widely used for recreational
purposes. Besides disrupting the monoaminergic system and promoting oxidative brain …