Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), known as a common metabolic product in organism, is not
only importance to provide energy in various cellular activities but also is widely explored in …

Directional interactions and the assembly of a nanobioconjugate in clusters at a specific
location are important for patterning and microarrays in biomedical research. Herein, we …

We show the formation of macroscopic ATP‐concentrations in an agarose gel and
demonstrate that these gradients can be sustained in time at the expense of the …

The ability to sense chemical gradients and respond with directional motility and chemical
activity is a defining feature of complex living systems. There is a strong interest among …

Phoresis of biocolloidal objects in response to chemical gradients is a matter of interest
among diverse scientific disciplines owing to their importance in the spatiotemporal …

The attainment of spatiotemporally inhomogeneous chemical and physical properties within
a system is gaining attention across disciplines due to the resemblance to environmental …

Although cellular transport machinery is mostly ATP-driven and ATPase-dependent, there
has been a recent surge in understanding colloidal transport processes relying on a …

The heterogeneous distribution of lipids and lipid-bound proteins in a plasma membrane
has functional advantages. Herein, in a synthetic system, we demonstrate the assembly of …

Herein we report the migrational behaviour and spatial distribution of calf thymus DNA in a
gradient of different physiologically relevant monovalent and divalent cations under two …

Designing and predicting self-organized pattern formation in out-of-equilibrium chemical
and biochemical reactions holds fundamental significance. External perturbations like light …