Naturally acquired immunity to falciparum malaria protects millions of people routinely
exposed to Plasmodium falciparum infection from severe disease and death. There is no …

It is currently thought that immune responses are initiated by pathogen-associated molecular
patterns or by tissue-derived danger/alarm signals. Here, we propose that these two groups …

That humans in endemic areas become immune to malaria offers encouragement to the
idea of developing protective vaccines. However natural immunity is relatively inefficient …

Understanding the targets and mechanisms of human immunity to malaria caused by
Plasmodium falciparum is crucial for advancing effective vaccines and developing tools for …

Parasite-encoded variant surface antigens (VSAs) like the var gene–encoded Plasmodium
falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family are responsible for antigenic …

Background Pregnancy-associated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum adherence to
chondroitin sulfate A in the placental intervillous space is a major cause of low birthweight …

Malaria parasites cause much morbidity and mortality to their human hosts. From our
evolutionary perspective, this is because virulence is positively associated with parasite …

Naturally acquired antibody responses provide partial protection from clinical malaria, and
blood-stage parasite vaccines under development aim to prime such responses. To …

In areas of endemic parasite transmission, protective immunity to Plasmodium falciparum
malaria is acquired over several years with numerous disease episodes. Acquisition of Abs …

Infection by Plasmodium falciparum parasites can lead to substantial protective immunity to
malaria, and available evidence suggest that acquisition of protection against some severe …