Abstract Mutations in codon 12, 13, or 61 of one of the three ras genes, H-ras, K-ras, and N-
ras, convert these genes into active oncogenes. Rapid assays for the detection of these …

The mouse skin model of multistage carcinogenesis has for many years provided a
conceptual framework for studying carcinogenesis mechanisms and potential means for …

DNAs from human pancreatic adenocarcinomas were analyzed for the presence of
mutations in codons 12, 13 and 61 of the NRAS, KRAS and HRAS gene. Formalin-fixed and …

It has been well established that specific alterations in members of the ras gene family, H-
ras, K-ras and N-ras, can convert them into active oncogenes. These alterations are either …

Activation of ras oncogenes is commonly found in human neoplasms. We have investigated
280 human lung cancer specimens for ras activation, including 38 that have not been …

The availability of~ 53 knockout mice generated by gene targeting has enabled us to
investigate the functional role of the~ 53 tumor suppressor gene in initiation, promotion, and …

Identifying the nature of the genetic mutations in thyroid neoplasms and their prevalence in
the various tumor phenotypes is critical to understanding their pathogenesis. Mutational …

Abstract 47 tumor samples, 45 of which were obtained at thoracotomy for nonsmall cell lung
cancer were examined for mutational activation of the oncogenes H-ras, K-ras, and N-ras. A …

The transcriptional activator interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) and its antagonistic
repressor IRF-2 are regulators of the interferon (IFN) system and of cell growth. Here we …

A number of mouse skin tumors initiated by the carcinogens N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-
nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), methylnitrosourea (MNU), 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA), and 7 …