Extrapolation of pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters from in vitro or in vivo animal to human is
one of the main tasks in the drug development process. Translational approaches provide …

Abstract BDDCS, ECCS and ECCCS are compound disposition classification concepts that
aim to streamline, de-risk and speed-up drug development. Although all three systems have …

In vitro-in vivo extrapolation ((IVIVE) and empirical scaling factors (SF) of human intrinsic
clearance (CLint) were developed using one of the largest dataset of 455 compounds with …

Time courses of compound concentrations in plasma are used in chemical safety analysis to
evaluate the relationship between external administered doses and internal tissue …

Early prediction of human clearance is often challenging, in particular for the growing
number of low-clearance compounds. Long-term in vitro models have been developed …

Poor pharmacokinetic parameters are a major reason for the lack of therapeutic activity of
some drug candidates. Determining the pharmacokinetic parameters of drug candidates at …

Unbound intrahepatic drug concentrations determine the interaction potential with
intracellular targets related to toxicity, pharmacokinetics, or pharmacodynamics. Recently …

Introduction: Membrane transporters of the SLC and ABC families are abundantly expressed
in the liver, where they control the transfer of drugs/drug metabolites across the sinusoidal …

The minipig has become an animal of considerable interest in preclinical drug development.
It has been used in toxicology research and in examining/establishing regulatory guidelines …

Quantification of the fraction transported (ft) by a particular transporter will facilitate more
robust estimations of transporter interactions. Using pitavastatin as a model uptake …