Over the past decade, there has been a substantial increase in interest in the immune
system and the role it plays in the regulation of disease susceptibility, giving rise to the field …

Immune defence is an incredibly complicated system, but to understand how it functions in
an ecological context is challenging. Our focus is to outline the diversity of ways to measure …

Lymphocytes and heterophils are the two most abundant leucocyte types, which play a
major role in adaptive and innate immune defence, respectively. The ratio of heterophils to …

The phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) skin‐swelling test is widely used in immunoecology and
ecotoxicology to estimate cell‐mediated immunity. Although often presumed, the …

Colour polymorphism in vertebrates is usually under genetic control and may be associated
with variation in physiological traits. The melanocortin 1 receptor (Mc1r) has been involved …

Life‐history theorists have long observed that fast growth and high reproduction tend to be
associated with short life span, suggesting that greater investment in such traits may trade off …

Several geographical areas where Salvator merianae is distributed in Argentina are
included in regions with agricultural activity and exposed to pesticide formulations. Some …

Growing evidence suggests that telomeres, non-coding DNA sequences that shorten with
age and stress, are related in an undefined way to individual breeding performances and …

This review provides an integrative framework for understanding flaxseed (Linum
utassitissimum) as an antimicrobial alternative for poultry production. We begin by …

Ecological immunology aims to explain variation among hosts in the strength and efficacy of
immunological defenses. However, a shortcoming has been the failure to link host immune …