The human body is constantly exposed to microorganisms, which entails manifold
interactions between human cells and diverse commensal or pathogenic bacteria. The …

Organisms are constantly exposed to microbial pathogens in their environments. When a
pathogen meets its host, a series of intricate intracellular interactions shape the outcome of …

Pathogen diversity within an infected organism has traditionally been explored through the
lens of genetic heterogeneity. Hallmark studies have characterized how genetic diversity …

African swine fever is a viral disease of swine caused by the African swine fever virus
(ASFV). Currently, ASFV is spreading over the Eurasian continent and threatening global pig …

Chaperonins are a class of molecular chaperones that assist in the folding and assembly of
a wide range of substrates. In plants, chloroplast chaperonins are composed of two different …

Asparagines in proteins deamidate spontaneously, which changes the chemical structure of
a protein and often affects its function. Current prediction algorithms for asparagine …

Efflux pumps are a mechanism of intrinsic and evolved resistance in bacteria. If an efflux
pump can expel an antibiotic so that its concentration within the cell is below a killing …

Delay-differential equations belong to the class of infinite-dimensional dynamical systems.
However, it is often observed that the solutions are rapidly attracted to smooth manifolds …

In Escherichia coli, an enzyme called Hmp is a key contributor to the detoxification of nitric
oxide (NO). In the absence of NO, the transcription of the hmp gene is repressed by an iron …

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is the leading technique for characterizing cellular
heterogeneity in biological samples. Various scRNA-seq protocols have been developed …