Background The COVID-19 pandemic exerted significant impacts on public health and
global economy. Research efforts to develop vaccines at warp speed against SARS-CoV-2 …

Since late 2019 the newly emerged pandemic SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-
19, has hit the world with recurring waves of infections necessitating the global …

With the emergence and rapid spread of new pandemic variants, especially variants of
concern (VOCs), the development of next-generation vaccines with broad-spectrum …

SARS-CoV-2 variants have posed significant challenges to the hopes of using ancestral
strain-based vaccines to address the risk of breakthrough infection by variants. We designed …

Vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 has been highly successful in slowing down the
COVID-19 pandemic. A wide spectrum of approaches including vaccines based on whole …

In the 21st century, several emergent viruses have posed a global threat. Each pathogen
has emphasized the value of rapid and scalable vaccine development programs. The …

The enhanced transmissibility and immune evasion associated with emerging SARS-CoV-2
variants demands the development of next-generation vaccines capable of inducing …

SARS-CoV-2 is the third pathogenic coronavirus to emerge since 2000. Experience from
prior outbreaks of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV has demonstrated the importance of both …

Background The emergence and rapid spread of new mutant strains of SARS-CoV-2
necessitate the development of a new generation vaccine capable of neutralizing a broad …

Nucleic acid vaccines based on either DNA or RNA have been engineered against COVID-
19. Preclinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated good safety and efficacy. DNA …