Earth is populated by an extraordinary diversity of photosynthetic eukaryotes. Many
eukaryotic lineages contain chloroplasts, obtained through the endosymbiosis of a wide …

Some species of sacoglossan sea slugs can maintain functional chloroplasts from specific
algal food sources in the cells of their digestive diverticula. These 'stolen'chloroplasts …

Foraminifera are ubiquitously distributed in marine habitats, playing a major role in marine
sediment carbon sequestration and the nitrogen cycle. They exhibit a wide diversity of …

Foraminifera are unicellular organisms that established the most diverse algal symbioses in
the marine realm. Endosymbiosis repeatedly evolved in several lineages, while some …

Photosynthesizers face a trade-off regarding light: they need enough to maintain high
photosynthetic rates, yet excess leads to oxidative stress. Despite this, light and its …

Some benthic foraminifera have the ability to incorporate functional chloroplasts from
diatoms (kleptoplasty). Our objective was to investigate chloroplast functionality of two …

Plastids sequestered by sacoglossan sea slugs have long been a puzzle. Some
sacoglossans feed on siphonaceous algae and can retain the plastids in the cytosol of their …

Several sacoglossan sea slug species feed on macroalgae and incorporate chloroplasts
into tubular cells of their digestive diverticula. We investigated the role of the “stolen” …

Kleptoplasty is a remarkable type of photosynthetic association, resulting from the
maintenance of functional chloroplasts—the 'kleptoplasts'—in the tissues of a non …

The only animal cells known that can maintain functional plastids (kleptoplasts) in their
cytosol occur in the digestive gland epithelia of sacoglossan slugs. Only a few species of the …