We argue that the study of social complexity can follow two different approaches, based on
how it is seen from the outside or on how it is experienced from within. Recent focus has …

In the last decades, the assumption that complex social life is cognitively challenging, and
thus can drive mental evolution, has received much support from empirical studies in …

A New York Times bestseller:" A passionate and convincing case for the sophistication of
nonhuman minds."—Alison Gopnik, The Atlantic Hailed as a classic, Are We Smart Enough …

Highlights•Indirect connections are heritable and predictors of fitness in some
species.•Some animals recognize and may strategically manipulate third-party …

The extent of (in) equality is highly diverse across species of social mammals, but we have a
poor understanding of the factors that produce or inhibit equitable social organizations …

Cooperative decision rules have so far been shown experimentally mainly in mammal
species that have variable and complex social networks. However, these traits should not …

The prevailing hypotheses for the evolution of cognition focus on either the demands
associated with group living (the social intelligence hypothesis (SIH)) or ecological …

Dominance hierarchies typically emerge in systems where group members regularly
encounter and compete for resources. In birds, the 'open'and dynamic structure of foraging …

Emotional contagion is described as an emotional state matching between subjects, and
has been suggested to facilitate communication and coordination in complex social groups …

Evidence for long-term cooperative relationships comes from several social birds and
mammals. Vampire bats demonstrate cooperative social bonds, and like primates, they …