CD8 T cells play crucial roles in immune surveillance and defense against infections and
cancer. After encountering antigenic stimulation, naïve CD8 T cells differentiate and acquire …

Although numerous clinical trials have been implemented, an absolutely effective treatment
against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still elusive. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) has …

Background Cytokines and chemokines play a critical role in the response to infection and
vaccination. We aimed to assess the longitudinal association of COVID-19 vaccination with …

Background The severity of COVID-19 is associated with an elevated level of a variety of
inflammatory mediators. Increasing evidence suggests that the Th17 response contributes to …

Cytokines are major players in orchestrating inflammation, disease pathogenesis, and
severity during COVID-19. Members of the interleukin (IL)-10 family of cytokines play …

Viruses pose a constant threat to human well-being, necessitating the immune system to
develop robust defenses. Natural killer (NK) cells, which play a crucial role in the immune …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal disease, characterized by
impaired wound repair, tissue remodeling and fibrosis. Immune system may participate in …

Cellular and humoral immunity exhibit dynamic adaptation to the mutating SARS-CoV-2
virus. It is noteworthy that immune responses differ significantly, influenced by whether a …

BACKGROUND The immunological response to severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and immunisation is variable. OBJECTIVES To …

The presence of a certain group of auto-antibodies (AAbs) is known to correlate with the
severity of COVID-19. It is, however, unknown if such AAbs are prevalent and impact COVID …