Background Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major pathogen that poses a significant hazard
to global health, causing a variety of infections including pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis …

Background Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) is the agent responsible for causing
respiratory diseases, including pneumonia, which causes severe health hazards and child …

As of May 25th, 2023, 766 million COVID-19 cases and over 6.9 million deaths worldwide
had been reported to the World Health Organization. 1 In the pursuit of combating this global …

The lumpy skin disease (LSD) virus of the Poxviridae family is a serious threat that mostly
affects cattle and causes significant economic loss. LSD has the potential to spread widely …

Background The recent COVID vaccinations have successfully reduced death and severity
but did not stop the transmission of viruses by the emerging SARS-CoV-2 strain. There is a …

Zika virus is an infectious virus, that belongs to Flaviviridae family, which is transferred to
humans through mosquito vectors and severely threatens human health; but, apart from …

Yellow fever outbreaks are prevalent, particularly in endemic regions. Given the lack of an
established treatment for this disease, significant attention has been directed toward …

Urban informal settlements in the Global South, home to over a billion people, face
significant challenges due to limited space and inadequate Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene …

Background: Borrelia burgdorferi is regarded as an extremely dangerous bacteria causing
infectious disease in humans, resulting in musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, fever and cardiac …

Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) is a significant pathogen causing pneumonia and
meningitis, particularly in vulnerable populations like children and the elderly. Available …