The Archaeology of Iran from the Palaeolithic to the Archaemenid Empire is the first modern
academic study to provide a synthetic, diachronic analysis of the archaeology and early …

The fourth millennium BC in Iran is crucial for our understanding of the development of the
extractive metallurgy of copper, lead, and silver. The origins of metal smelting technologies …

Ancient mining practices are often overlooked in favour of the smelting and working
practices that led to metal objects. However, mining was, in many ways, the most socially …

The emergence of mining reflects profound changes in the organization of late prehistoric
societies. In terms of lithic and ore mining, salt is a highly strategic mineral resource which …

Despite siginificant advances in annual chronology, the Old Assyrian trade fundamentally
lacked a regime of time at the level of the merchant's commercial and personal activities. In …

Amongst the civilizations to participate in the dynamic processes of contact and interchange
that gave rise to complex societies in the ancient Near East, Elam has remained one of the …

As the dominant alloy in much of the Old World for several millennia between in the Late
Chalcolithic and Bronze Ages, surprisingly little work has been undertaken to understand …

Metals and Mining (Barbara Helwing) Research into the archaeo-metallurgy of Elam allows
for a looking-glass approach to the wider complex enmeshment of an area characterized by …

Abstract Forty-four Middle Bronze Age I weapons discovered at the sites of Byblos and Tell
Arqa in Lebanon were investigated in order to study their copper quality and provenance …

During decades of archaeological and historical work we often find misleading
interpretations of social complexity and its relation to the procurement of raw materials …