Hypersaline brines are of growing environmental concern. While high-salinity desalination
and zero liquid discharge (ZLD) are increasingly attractive treatment options, the high salt …

Reverse osmosis (RO) desalination has become a prominent desalination method for fresh-
water production from either saline seawater or brackish water to meet the ever-growing …

Further reduction in energy consumption is an attractive prospect for both well-established
technologies such as reverse osmosis and electrodialysis, and for emerging desalination …

Serious energy crises and ecological pollution have had negative impacts on all countries
worldwide. These challenges are largely attributed to the production and operation of …

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is widely used in many countries around the world primarily as
a mode of transport for natural gas. However, massive amount of energy (around 830 kJ/kg …

Desalination is the solution for water security in regions with insufficient resources. This
comes at high energy cost and hence improving desalination technologies translate into …

Natural gas is one of the cleanest forms of fossil fuels and its usage is rising since the
importance of environment-friendly conversion systems has been seen. Liquefied natural …

Freeze desalination (FD) has several benefits compared to vaporization-based and
membrane-based desalination methods. The FD process needs approximately 1/7th of the …

Current trends of livestock expansion and associated mass production of manure bring a net
import of nutrients that have led to a significant excess in many areas. The implementation of …

Increasing water scarcity in the face of climate change has driven significant interest in
finding low-carbon-intensity ways of generating fresh water from saline sources …