Nonvolatile acid is produced from the metabolism of organic sulfur in dietary protein and the
production of organic anions during the combustion of neutral foods. Organic anion salts that …

Intracellular citrate is a central component of the tricarboxylic acid cycle; its excretion in the
urine was utilized by Krebs and coworkers to demonstrate this biochemical pathway in …

The sources and rates of metabolic acid production in relation to renal net acid excretion
and thus acid balance in humans have remained controversial. The techniques and …

Under normal physiologic conditions, acid–base balance is maintained by renal excretion of
hydrogen ions generated during the metabolism of dietary protein and other metabolic …

General physiological concepts 3. Renal handling of citrate 4. Gastrointestinal absorption of
citrate 5. Citrate transport in renal tubular cells 6. Factors modulating urinary citrate excretion …

Higher diet-dependent nonvolatile acid load is associated with faster chronic kidney disease
(CKD) progression, but most studies have used estimated acid load or measured only …

Muraglitazar, a PPARα/γ agonist, dose-dependently increased urinary bladder tumors in
male Harlan Sprague–Dawley (HSD) rats administered 5, 30, or 50 mg/kg/day for up to 2 …

Several members of the Na-HCO 3− cotransporter (NBC) family have recently been
identified functionally and partly characterized, including rkNBC1, NBCn1, and NBC3 …

Abstract Changes in ammonium excretion with acid/base perturbations are dependent on
changes in medullary ammonium accumulation mediated by active NH 4+ absorption by the …

Objective—To develop an equation expressing urine pH in terms of independent variables,
derive an equation relating urine pH to net acid excretion (NAE), and apply this new …