Blood-incompatibility is an inevitability of all blood-contacting device applications and
therapies, including haemodialysis (HD). Blood leaving the environment of blood vessels …

The dialyzer is the core element in the hemodialysis treatment of patients with end-stage
kidney disease (ESKD). During hemodialysis treatment, the dialyzer replaces the function of …

Dialysis membrane is a crucial component of the hemodialysis system to optimize solute
removal efficacy and to minimize blood membrane biological reactions. Hemodialyzer is …

Introduction Hydrophilic modification with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) increases the
biocompatibility profile of synthetic dialysis membranes. However, PVP may be eluted into …

Background High-flux dialyzers effectively remove uremic toxins, are hemocompatible to
minimize intradialytic humoral and cellular stimulation, and have long-term effects on patient …

Hemodialysis (HD) is the most important treatment for patients with end‐stage renal disease
(ESRD). Thrombocytopenia is a potential treatment complication related to dialysis. Under …

Membranes and sorbents play a crucial role in extracorporeal blood purification therapies,
which aim to remove harmful molecules and toxins from the blood. Over the years …

Background. People receiving hemodialysis (HD) treatment have higher cardiovascular
morbidity and mortality, ascribed to an increased prevalence of traditional cardiovascular …

Dialyzer reactions are long‐appreciated complications of dialysis. Despite advances in
dialysis machines and membranes, these life‐threatening reactions still occur. It is …

Kidney replacement therapies (KRTs) including hemodialysis (HD) are one of the treatment
options for most of the patients with end‐stage kidney disease. Although HD is vital for these …