Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone regulating plant growth, development,
and stress responses. It has an essential role in multiple physiological processes of plants …

▪ Abstract Salt and drought stress signal transduction consists of ionic and osmotic
homeostasis signaling pathways, detoxification (ie, damage control and repair) response …

World population is increasing at an alarming rate and is expected to reach about six billion
by the end of year 2050. On the other hand food productivity is decreasing due to the effect …

Low temperature, drought, and high salinity are common stress conditions that adversely
affect plant growth and crop production. The cellular and molecular responses of plants to …

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays important roles in plant development and
adaptation to environmental stress. ABA induces the production of nitric oxide (NO) in guard …

▪ Abstract Guard cells surround stomatal pores in the epidermis of plant leaves and stems.
Stomatal pore opening is essential for CO2 influx into leaves for photosynthetic carbon …

▪ Abstract The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a major role in seed maturation and
germination, as well as in adaptation to abiotic environmental stresses. ABA promotes …

Plants face different types of stresses, including biotic and abiotic stresses. Among various
abiotic stress, low-temperature stress alters various morphological, cytological …

Phospholipids are emerging as novel second messengers in plant cells. They are rapidly
formed in response to a variety of stimuli via the activation of lipid kinases or …

Calcium signalling involves sensor proteins that decode temporal and spatial changes in
cellular Ca2+ concentration. Calcineurin B‐like proteins (CBLs) represent a unique family of …