Osteoporosis is a global public health problem, with fractures contributing to significant
morbidity and mortality. Although postmenopausal osteoporosis is most common, up to 30 …

Chronic bronchitis (CB) is a common but variable phenomenon in chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). It has numerous clinical consequences, including an …

Objective To report the global, regional, and national burden of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) and its attributable risk factors between 1990 and 2019, by age …

Importance Airflow obstruction on spirometry is universally used to define chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD), and current or former smokers without airflow obstruction may …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. Tobacco smoking is established as a major risk factor, but emerging evidence …

Background Never smokers comprise a substantial proportion of patients with COPD. Their
characteristics and possible risk factors in this population are not yet well defined. Methods …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death
worldwide and has few effective therapies. It is characterized by anomalous and persistent …

Importance Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD), yet much of COPD risk remains unexplained. Objective To determine whether …

The aim of this study is to quantify the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD)–incidence, prevalence, and mortality–and identify trends in Australia, Canada …

Asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap syndrome (ACOS) is a
commonly encountered yet loosely defined clinical entity. ACOS accounts for approximately …