Diseases diagnosed in adulthood may have antecedents throughout (including prenatal)
life. Gaining a better understanding of how exposures at different stages in the lifecourse …

Abstract Background and Aims Educational attainment is an essential socio‐economic
indicator with broad implications for lifestyle behaviour and metabolic health. We aimed to …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an abnormal lipid metabolic disorder of the liver
characterized by accumulation of a large amount of lipids in the liver, and it is currently the …

Objective The causal relationship between early life adiposity and gestational diabetes
mellitus (GDM) and the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. This study aimed to …

Background Previous observational studies have documented an inverse association of
birthweight with myocardial infarction (MI) but a positive association with atrial fibrillation …

Aim Low birthweight is an issue during pregnancy associated with an increased risk of
developing liver disease later in life. Previous Mendelian randomisation (MR) studies which …

Purpose The causal relationship between life course adiposity with metabolic dysfunction-
associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is ambiguous. We aimed to investigate whether …

Objective The oral mucosa mirrors a range of latent systemic disorders, with potential clinical
associations noted between autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and oral lichen planus …

Objective The interactions between fasting insulin levels, high blood pressure and
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are still unclear. We examined the causal …

Background Diabesity is a term used to emphasize the dual epidemic and the combined
detrimental effects of diabetes and obesity. We aimed to investigate the associations of …