Algebraic structures which are generated by a collection of constructors| like natural
numbers (generated by a zero and a successor) or nite lists and trees| are of well …

In functional programming, fold is a standard operator that encapsulates a simple pattern of
recursion for processing lists. This article is a tutorial on two key aspects of the fold operator …

Abstract The Grammar of Graphics, or GOG, denotes a system with seven orthogonal
components. By orthogonal, we mean there are seven graphical component sets whose …

After the success of the first edition, Introduction to Functional Programming using Haskell
has been thoroughly updated and revised to provide a complete grounding in the principles …

Google's MapReduce programming model serves for processing large data sets in a
massively parallel manner. We deliver the first rigorous description of the model including its …

Computer technology changes with frightening speed; the fundamentals, however, remain
remarkably static. The architecture of the standard computer is hardly changed from the …

The area of coalgebra has emerged within theoretical computer science with a unifying
claim: to be the mathematics of computational dynamics. It combines ideas from the theory of …

Haskell is a purely functional language that allows programmers to rapidly develop clear,
concise, and correct software. The language has grown in popularity in recent years, both in …

Automatic differentiation (AD) in reverse mode (RAD) is a central component of deep
learning and other uses of large-scale optimization. Commonly used RAD algorithms such …

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