The first member and eponym of the rhodopsin family was identified in the 1930s as the
visual pigment of the rod photoreceptor cell in the animal retina. It was found to be a …

The intracardiac nervous system (IcNS), sometimes referred to as the “little brain” of the
heart, is involved in modulating many aspects of cardiac physiology. In recent years our …

In the adult heart, acute adaptation of electrical and mechanical activity to changes in
mechanical load occurs via feedback processes known as “mechano-electric coupling” and …

Background Cardiac optical mapping is an imaging technique that measures fluorescent
signals across a cardiac preparation. Dual optical imaging of voltage-sensitive and calcium …

Cardiac excitation originates in the sinoatrial node (SAN), due to the automaticity of this
distinct region of the heart. SAN automaticity is the result of a gradual depolarisation of the …

Cardiac rhythm, conduction, and electrical activity synchronization require the coordinated
action of several ion channel types that differ according to the transmural and regional …

Popeye domain-containing (POPDC) proteins selectively bind cAMP and mediate cellular
responses to sympathetic nervous system (SNS) stimulation. The first discovered human …

Zebrafish larvae have emerged as a valuable model for studying heart physiology and
pathophysiology, as well as for drug discovery, in part thanks to its transparency, which …

Microfluidic technology is unrivaled in its ability to apply soluble chemical stimuli with high
spatiotemporal precision. Analogous, light–sheet microscopy is unmatched in its ability of …